Species: Charadrius vociferus

Killdeer
Species

    Plumage brown above, white below, with a black double breast band. Wing has broad white stripe. Rump and tail rufous; tailtip black with white terminal band. Average length 27 cm, 61 cm.

    Kingdom
    Animalia
    Phylum
    Craniata
    Class

    Aves

    Order

    Charadriiformes

    Family

    Charadriidae

    Genus

    Charadrius

    Classification
    Other Global Common Names
    Chorlo Tildío, Chorlo Gritón - pluvier kildir
    Informal Taxonomy
    <p>Animals, Vertebrates - Birds - Shorebirds</p>
    Formal Taxonomy
    Animalia - Craniata - Aves - Charadriiformes - Charadriidae - Charadrius

    Plumage brown above, white below, with a black double breast band. Wing has broad white stripe. Rump and tail rufous; tailtip black with white terminal band. Average length 27 cm, 61 cm.

    Migration
    <p>true - true - true - This species is described as a medium distance partial migrant, but its seasonal movements are complex and not well understood (Jackson and Jackson 2000). Migrants arrive in northernmost breeding areas in March-April, depart by September-October (Bent 1929). In Puerto Rico, resident populations are augmented by North American migrants fall-spring (Raffaele 1983). Migrants arrive in Costa Rica in late August-September, depart in April-May (Stiles and Skutch 1989).</p>
    Non-migrant
    true
    Locally Migrant
    true
    Food Comments
    Diet includes small invertebrates obtained from ground surface, sometimes in shallow water (Terres 1980).`
    Reproduction Comments
    Nesting phenology varies geographically, with egg laying beginning in March in the southern United States and in April in the north. First clutches are laid around early March in Mississippi, mid-March in North Carolina and Maryland, late March in Pennsylvania, mid- to late March in northeastern California, mid-April in Washington State and Minnesota, and late April in northern Michigan. Active nests may be found as late as July in the north, and late summer and fall nesting sometimes occurs in the southern United States. Clutch size is 3-5 (usually 4). Incubation averages 24-30 days, by both sexes (female may desert second clutch in some areas). Young are tended by both parents, first fly at about 25 days. Sometimes a female produces two broods in a single season. Both sexes may breed at an age of one year.<br><br>In hot conditions, adult killdeer sometimes dip their breast-feathers in water, return to the nest, and apply the water to the eggs. Presumably this cools the eggs through conduction and evaporation.
    Ecology Comments
    Nesting density in several different areas was 13-30 pairs per hectare. Relatively isolated nesting of single pairs also occurs.
    Length
    27
    Weight
    101
    NatureServe Global Status Rank
    G5
    Global Status Last Reviewed
    2009-03-17
    Global Status Last Changed
    1996-11-25
    Other Status

    <p>LC - Least concern</p>

    Conservation Status Map
    <img src="http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/GetMapGif?CA.AB=S5&CA.BC=S4&CA.LB=S1&CA.MB=S5&CA.NB=S3&CA.NF=S2&CA.NT=S4&CA.NS=S3&CA.NU=SNR&CA.ON=S5&CA.PE=S3&CA.QC=S5&CA.SK=S5&CA.YT=S4&US.AL=S5&US.AK=S3&US.AZ=S5&US.AR=S4&US.CA=SNR&US.CO=S5&US.CT=S4&US.DE=S5&US.DC=S2&US.FL=SNR&US.GA=S5&US.ID=S5&US.IL=S5&US.IN=S4&US.IA=S5&US.KS=S5&US.KY=S4&US.LA=S5&US.ME=S5&US.MD=S5&US.MA=S5&US.MI=S5&US.MN=SNR&US.MS=S5&US.MO=SNR&US.MT=S5&US.NN=S5&US.NE=S5&US.NV=S5&US.NH=S5&US.NJ=S4&US.NM=S4&US.NY=S5&US.NC=S5&US.ND=SNR&US.OH=S5&US.OK=S5&US.OR=S5&US.PA=S5&US.RI=S4&US.SC=SNR&US.SD=S5&US.TN=S5&US.TX=S5&US.UT=S5&US.VT=S5&US.VA=S5&US.WA=S4&US.WV=S5&US.WI=S5&US.WY=S5" alt="Conservation Status Map" style="width: 475px; height: auto;" />
    Global Range
    H - >2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles) - H - Nesting range extends from eastern Alaska east across Canada (through northern Saskatchewan and southern Hudson Bay region) to Newfoundland, south to southern Baja California, central Mexico, Gulf of Mexico coast of the southeastern United States, southern Florida, West Indies, and, disjunctly, in Costa Rica and western South America (coastal Peru, extreme northwestern Chile, and southwestern Ecuador) (Stiles and Skutch 1989, AOU 1998, Jackson and Jackson 2000).<br><br>During the northern winter, the range extends from southeastern Alaska (rarely), southern British Columbia, central United States, and New England south to the West Indies and northern South America (west of Andes to western Ecuador and east to northern Venezuela, and in the breeding range in Peru and Chile). This species sometimes shows up in Europe, Hawaii, and elsewhere outside the primary range.
    Global Range Code
    H
    Global Range Description
    >2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
    ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.101693