Species: Coccyzus americanus

Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Species
    Coccyzus americanus

    Articles:

    Yellow-billed Cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus)

    This article was originally published by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife as part of its annual report Threatened and Endangered Wildlife in Washington.

    Figure 1. Yellow-billed cuckoo (© David Speiser, www.lilibirds.com).
    Kingdom
    Animalia
    Phylum
    Craniata
    Class

    Aves

    Order

    Cuculiformes

    Family

    Cuculidae

    Genus

    Coccyzus

    Classification
    Other Global Common Names
    Coulicou à bec jaune - Cuclillo Pico Amarillo, Tujacue - Papa-Lagarta-de-Asa-Vermelha
    Informal Taxonomy
    Animals, Vertebrates - Birds - Other Birds
    Formal Taxonomy
    Animalia - Craniata - Aves - Cuculiformes - Cuculidae - Coccyzus - (AOU 1998).
    Short General Description
    A bird (cuckoo).
    Migration
    false - false - true - Migrates regularly through the southern U.S., Middle America, and West Indies (sometimes large numbers in fall in Puerto Rico, Raffaele 1983). Birds from North America may migrate through Puerto Rico, but a small breeding population may be resident all year (Kepler and Kepler 1978). Migrants noted in April-May in Jamaica (Lack 1976). Migrates through Costa Rica mid-August to early November and late April-early June (Stiles and Skutch 1989). Arrives in California breeding grounds usually in early June (Biosystems Analysis 1989).
    Non-migrant
    false
    Locally Migrant
    false
    Food Comments
    Eats mainly caterpillars; also other insects, some fruits, sometimes small lizards and frogs and bird eggs (Terres 1980). Gleans food from branches or foliage, or sallies from a perch to catch prey on the wing (Ehrlich et al. 1992).
    Reproduction Comments
    Breeding often coincides with the appearance of massive numbers of cicadas, caterpillars, or other large insects (Ehrlich et al. 1992). Clutch size is one to five (commonly two to three), largest when prey is abundant. Clutch sizes greater than six attributable to more than one female laying in nest (Hughes 1999). Incubation lasts 9-11, shared by male and female during day; male incubates at night (Hamilton and Hamilton 1965, Potter 1980, Potter 1981). Young are tended by both parents, climb in branches at seven-nine days. Sometimes lays eggs in the nests of Black-billed Cuckoo (COCCYZUS ERYTHROPTHALMUS) or (rarely) other species (Ehrlich et al. 1992).
    Ecology Comments
    Territory size averages 20-24 hectares (S. Laymon, in Riparian Habitat Joint Venture 2000).<br><br>Known predators of adults include Aplomado Falcon (FALCO FEMORALIS), Red-shouldered Hawk (BUTEO LINEATUS), and other raptors; of eggs and young include Blue Jay (CYANOCITTA CRISTATA), Common Grackle (QUISCALUS QUISCULA), Black Racer (COLUBER CONSTRICTOR) and Eastern Chipmunk (TAMIAS STRIATUS) (Hughes 1999). Occasional host for Brown-headed Cowbird (MOLOTHRUS ATER), Bronzed Cowbird (MOLOTHRUS AENEUS), and Black-billed Cuckoo (COCCYZUS ERYTHROPTHALMUS) (Hughes 1999).
    Length
    31
    Weight
    64
    NatureServe Global Status Rank
    G5
    Global Status Last Reviewed
    2008-07-21
    Global Status Last Changed
    1996-11-27
    Conservation Status Map
    <img src="http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/GetMapGif?CA.BC=SX&CA.ON=S4&CA.QC=S2&US.AL=S5&US.AZ=S3&US.AR=S4&US.CA=SNR&US.CO=S3&US.CT=S5&US.DE=S4&US.DC=S2&US.FL=SNR&US.GA=S5&US.ID=S2&US.IL=S5&US.IN=S4&US.IA=S3&US.KS=S5&US.KY=S5&US.LA=S5&US.ME=S3&US.MD=S5&US.MA=S4&US.MI=S5&US.MN=SNR&US.MS=S5&US.MO=SNR&US.MT=S3&US.NN=S1&US.NE=S5&US.NV=S1&US.NH=__&US.NJ=S5&US.NM=S3&US.NY=S5&US.NC=S5&US.ND=SU&US.OH=S5&US.OK=S5&US.OR=SH&US.PA=S5&US.RI=S5&US.SC=S4&US.SD=S3&US.TN=S4&US.TX=S4&US.UT=S1&US.VT=S4&US.VA=S5&US.WA=SH&US.WV=S5&US.WI=S3&US.WY=S1" alt="Conservation Status Map" style="width: 475px; height: auto;" />
    Global Range
    H - >2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles) - H - The breeding range extends from interior California to southern Idaho, southeastern Montana, the Dakotas, southern Manitoba (rarely), Minnesota, and New Brunswick, and south to southern Baja California, southern Arizona, Coahuila, Chihuahua, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, the U.S. Gulf Coast, and the Florida Keys; sporadically farther south in Mexico and in the Greater Antilles (AOU 1998). The species is uncommon on Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico; rare in the Virgin Islands, Jamaica, and northern Lesser Antilles (Saint Martin)m and possibly occurs in the Bahamas and Lesser Antilles (Raffaele et al. 1998). Yellow-billed cuckoos formerly nested in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. Based on Breeding Bird Survey data (Sauer et al. 2008), this species is most abundant in the south-central United States (Kansas and Missouri southward to Texas and Mississippi). During the nonbreeding season, yellow-billed cuckoos occur from southern Central America (rare and local in Costa Rica) and northern South America (and Trinidad and Tobago) south to eastern Peru, Bolivia, and northern Argentina (AOU 1998) and occur rarely in the West Indies (Raffaele et al. 1998).
    Global Range Code
    H
    Global Range Description
    >2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
    ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105709