Species: Trachemys scripta
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Species
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Encyclopedia of Puget Sound

Classification
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Craniata
Class
Chelonia
Order
Cryptodeira
Family
Emydidae
Genus
Trachemys
NatureServe
Classification
Other Global Common Names
Pond Slider - tortue à oreille rouges
Informal Taxonomy
Animals, Vertebrates - Turtles
Formal Taxonomy
Animalia - Craniata - Chelonia - Cryptodeira - Emydidae - Trachemys - MtDNA data reveal two lineages with a strong geographic orientation generally consistent with decribed subspecies ranges, though two individuals with the western haplotype A were observed in the Atlantic coastal plain (Walker and Avise 1998).
Ecology and Life History
Migration
false - false - false - Rarely may migrate 350 m or more between water and nest site (see Ernst and Barbour 1972). Female exhibit strong fidelity to previously used nesting area (Tucker 2001).
Non-migrant
false
Locally Migrant
false
Food Comments
Adults feed opportunistically on various plants and animals. Juveniles eat mainly small aquatic animals. In Louisiana, plant material became more frequent in diet with increasing turtle size (Hart 1983).
Reproduction Comments
In the U.S., eggs are laid from mid-March to August, with the earliest nesting occurring in the southern states. Nests from January to March near Tortuguero, Costa Rica (Moll 1994). In South Carolina, mean clutch size was 6.3 (range 1-6); nesting females produced an average of 1.1 clutches/year (usually 1 clutch, rarely as many as 3); successive clutches generally were separated by an interval of about 1 month; females matured at age 7 years (Frazer et al. 1990). In Illinois, females produced an estimated 2-3 clutches per year, and most adult females evidently nested in successive years (Tucker 2001). In the U.S., eggs hatch in summer or early fall; hatchlings may commonly overwinter in nest (Jackson 1994). In Costa Rica, hatchlings from sea beach nests emerged by May and June (Moll 1994). In South Carolina, the mean proportion of adult females nesting in any given year was 0.37 (Frazer et al. 1990). See Tucker et al. (1995, Herpetologica 51:354-358) for information on annual variation in individual growth rates.
Ecology Comments
Most of 1006 turtles marked and released in Illinois were recaptured within 0.8 km of release point (see Ernst and Barbour 1972). Movements exceeding 2 km are known. In South Carolina, a metapopulation encompassed habitats 3.5 km from a core area (10-ha wetland) (Burke et al. 1995). <br><br>Some populations exhibit significantly faster growth rate and larger adult body size than others. <br><br>Nest survivorship in Panama was 0.03. In South Carolina, annual first-year survivorship (from egg laying) averaged 0.11 (range 0.01-0.28) over 5 years; annual survivorship was 0.84 for adult males, 0.77 for adult females (Frazer et al. 1990).
Length
29
Conservation Status
NatureServe Global Status Rank
G5
Global Status Last Reviewed
2005-08-17
Global Status Last Changed
1996-10-21
Distribution
Conservation Status Map
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Global Range
GH - 200,000 to >2,500,000 square km (about 80,000 to >1,000,000 square miles) - GH - The range extends from Michigan to Argentina, and from the Atlantic coast to New Mexico; it also includes southern Baja California (at least formerly). The species has been introduced and is established in many areas outside the native range, including Florida (Schwartz and Henderson 1991; Ashton and Ashton 1991; Hutchison, 1992, Herpetol. Rev. 23:74-75; Townsend et al., 2002, Herpetol. Rev. 33:75; Ehret and Parker, 2005, Hepretol. Rev. 36:78), Guam (McCoid, 1992, Herpetol. Rev. 23:26), New York (Klemens 1993), and New Mexico (Stuart, 1995, Herpetological Review 26:107). It has been found in California (e.g., Stitt et al., 2004, Herpetol. Rev. 35:187) and Hawaii (McKeown 1996), but establishment is uncertain.
Global Range Code
GH
Global Range Description
200,000 to >2,500,000 square km (about 80,000 to >1,000,000 square miles)