Species: Aegolius funereus
Boreal Owl
Species
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Encyclopedia of Puget Sound
Classification
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Craniata
Class
Aves
Order
Strigiformes
Family
Strigidae
Genus
Aegolius
NatureServe
Classification
Other Global Common Names
nyctale de Tengmalm
Informal Taxonomy
Animals, Vertebrates - Birds - Other Birds
Formal Taxonomy
Animalia - Craniata - Aves - Strigiformes - Strigidae - Aegolius - Known as Tengmalm's Owl in European literature (AOU 1998).
Ecology and Life History
Short General Description
A small owl
Migration
true - true - false - Periodic large-scale southward irruptions in North America, frequently in synchrony with similar movements of great gray and hawk-owl. Tends to occur at higher elevations in summer; may move to lower elevation for winter. In Colorado, some males remain at high elevations all year; others wander extensively (Johnsgard 1988).
Non-migrant
true
Locally Migrant
true
Food Comments
Eats mainly small mammals (often MICROTUS and CLETHRIONOMYS, also SOREX and PEROMYSCUS); also sometimes birds and insects (Bent 1938, Ryder et al. 1987, Hayward 1989).
Reproduction Comments
Female may occupy the nest cavity 1-3 weeks prior to egg laying (Hayward 1989). In Colorado, nests were initiated from mid-April to early June; mid-April to late May in Idaho (Hayward 1989). Clutch size usually is 4-6. Incubation reported as 25-36 days, by female. Young fledge at about 4-5 weeks, independent at 5-6 weeks, sexually mature by 1 year. Mating system variable. See Johnsgard (1988).
Ecology Comments
In Idaho, annual home range averaged 1528 ha (522-4119 ha); home ranges overlapped extensively; range was larger in winter than in summer; center of winter and summer ranges were separated by average of 2333 m (Hayward et al. 1987). Defends nest site only.
Length
25
Weight
167
Conservation Status
NatureServe Global Status Rank
G5
Global Status Last Reviewed
1996-11-27
Global Status Last Changed
1996-11-27
Distribution
Conservation Status Map
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Global Range
FH - 20,000 to >2,500,000 square km (about 8000 to >1,000,000 square miles) - FGH - Breeds in North America from treeline in central Alaska east to Newfoundland; south central Oregon in the Cascade and Blue Mountains, and in the Rocky Mountains south through Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado to northern New Mexico; then east through central Saskatchewan, southern Manitoba, northern Minnesota, southern Quebec and Ontario. Breeds in Eurasia from treeline in northern Scandanavia, Russia, and Siberia, south in the mountians to southern Europe, the western Himalayas, and western China (AOU 1983, Hayward and Hayward 1993). Winters mainly in hte breeding range, however it may move south in the eastern U.S. and Europe during eruption years (A.O.U. 1983, Hayward and Hayward 1993).
Global Range Code
FH
Global Range Description
20,000 to >2,500,000 square km (about 8000 to >1,000,000 square miles)

