Species: Bassia hyssopifolia
Five-horn Smotherweed
Species
Encyclopedia of Puget Sound
Classification
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
Anthophyta
Class
Dicotyledoneae
Order
Caryophyllales
Family
Chenopodiaceae
Genus
Bassia
NatureServe
Classification
Other Global Common Names
fivehorn smotherweed
Informal Taxonomy
Plants, Vascular - Flowering Plants - Goosefoot Family
Formal Taxonomy
Plantae - Anthophyta - Dicotyledoneae - Caryophyllales - Chenopodiaceae - Bassia
Ecology and Life History
Short General Description
A densely pilose, grayish annual with stems branched from the base, similar in habit to lambs quarters (Chenopodium album).
Reproduction Comments
Beyond one brief article on the toxicity of Bassia hyssopifolia to sheep, most of the available information on this species has been summarized in four paragraphs (Collins and Blackwell 1979). It is an annual and reproduces by seeds (Muenscher 1955), which do not survive well in fresh water for extended periods (Bruns 1965). Considering the external structure of the seed, dispersal is most likely accomplished by becoming attached to the fur or feathers of passing animals (Collins and Blackwell 1979).
Conservation Status
NatureServe Global Status Rank
GNR
Global Status Last Reviewed
1994-03-22
Global Status Last Changed
1994-03-22
Distribution
Conservation Status Map
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Global Range
The following description is based on Collins and Blackwell (1979). <br><br>Bassia is native to parts of Europe and Asia, its type locality being near the Caspian Sea. It first appeared in North America near Fallon, Nevada around 1915. It may have been introduced as a seed contaminant, possibly with Turkistan alfalfa seed (Alex 1982). After establishment in Nevada, Bassia spread rapidly in all directions. By 1939 it was recorded as far from its point of introduction as British Columbia, Wyoming and Arizona, growing well in soils too alkaline for crops. Bassia had also established itself on the East Coast by the mid 1930s. In the East it has maintained a limited distribution from Boston to New York City and shows no sign of extending this range to any appreciable degree. <br><br>In California, Robbins et al. (1970) mention its occurrence in the "spiny salt bush association" of the San Joaquin Valley. It is also common on abandoned agricultural fields from Bishop to Lancaster in the Owens Valley, in the Santa Ana, Imperial and Palo Verde valleys, and extends northward through the Sacramento Valley (Robbins et al. 1970).