Very large ears, 30-39 mm, joined across forehead; dorsal hairs brown with tips that contrast little or considerably with the base; ventral hairs fuscous with brown to cinnamon tips; two large fleshy lumps on snout; hairs on toes do not project beyond toenails; total length 90-112 mm; forearm 39.2-47.6 mm; greatest length of skull 15.2-17.4 mm; 36 teeth; adult mass 5-13 g (Handley 1959, Hall 1981, Kunz and Martin 1982, Ingles 1965).
Very large ears, 30-39 mm, joined across forehead; dorsal hairs brown with tips that contrast little or considerably with the base; ventral hairs fuscous with brown to cinnamon tips; two large fleshy lumps on snout; hairs on toes do not project beyond toenails; total length 90-112 mm; forearm 39.2-47.6 mm; greatest length of skull 15.2-17.4 mm; 36 teeth; adult mass 5-13 g (Handley 1959, Hall 1981, Kunz and Martin 1982, Ingles 1965).
Source: Encyclopedia of Life
Short General Description
A bat with large ears.
Migration
true - false - false - Relatively sedentary; no evidence of long migrations. Most recaptures occur at the banding site or usually not more than a few kilometers away. The longest known movements are on the order of about 32 km.
Non-migrant
true
Locally Migrant
false
Food Comments
Feeds on various flying insects near the foliage of trees and shrubs. May feed primarily on moths (Barbour and Davis 1969).
Reproduction Comments
Mating begins in autumn, continues into winter. Ovulation and fertilization are delayed until late winter/early spring. Gestation lasts 2-3.5 months. Litter of one is born in late spring/early summer (beginning mainly in late May [sometimes as early as mid-April] in California, the second week of July in Washington). Young can fly at 2.5-3 weeks, weaned by 6 weeks. In central California, summer colonies start to break up in August when the older young are just over 3 months old. Females are sexually mature their first summer. Males are not sexually active until their second year (California). Young fly at 1 month of age, weaned at 2 months. Nearly all adult females breed every year. Females form nursery colonies seldom exceeding 100 adults; males roost separately (apparently solitary) during this time.
Ecology Comments
Population density on Santa Cruz Island was estimated at approximately 1 bat per 310 acres (Pearson et al. 1952). Hibernates singly, or in clusters in some areas (Caire et al. 1989, Schmidly 1991). Pre-weaning post-natal mortality generally is low. Adult survivorship is relatively high (about 70-80% in females in California).
Length
11
Weight
12
Conservation Status
NatureServe Global Status Rank
G4T3T4
Global Status Last Reviewed
1997-09-24
Global Status Last Changed
1993-05-25
Distribution
Conservation Status Map
<img src="http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/GetMapGif?US.CA=SNR&US.ID=S2&US.NV=S3&US.OR=S2&US.WA=S2" alt="Conservation Status Map" style="width: 475px; height: auto;" />
Global Range
FG - 20,000-2,500,000 square km (about 8000-1,000,000 square miles) - FG - Southwestern British Columbia, western Washington, western Oregon, and northwestern and west-central California (Hall 1981). Intergrades with subspecies PALLESCENS over a wide area in central and northern California and northward between the Cascades and the Rockies; subspecific allocation of specimens from much of this area is uncertain; some authors have applied the subspecific name INTERMEDIUS to populations in the area of intergradation (Handley 1959).
Global Range Code
FG
Global Range Description
20,000-2,500,000 square km (about 8000-1,000,000 square miles)
