Species: Gymnogyps californianus
California Condor
Species
Encyclopedia of Puget Sound
Classification
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Craniata
Class
Aves
Order
Falconiformes
Family
Cathartidae
Genus
Gymnogyps
NatureServe
Classification
Other Global Common Names
Condor de Californie - Cóndor Californiano
Informal Taxonomy
Animals, Vertebrates - Birds - Raptors
Formal Taxonomy
Animalia - Craniata - Aves - Falconiformes - Cathartidae - Gymnogyps - This species was transferred to Ciconiiformes (AOU 1998) but subsequently was tentatively returned to the order Falconiformes after re-evaluation of the reasons for the earlier change. Further, some genetic studies (Cracraft et al. 2004, Fain and Houde 2004, Ericson et al. 2006) indicate that New World vultures are not closely related to storks, although their precise phylogenetic relationship to the Falconiformes is yet undetermined (AOU 2007).
Ecology and Life History
Short General Description
A huge soaring bird with a bare head.
Habitat Type Description
Terrestrial
Migration
true - false - false - Breeding pairs tend to forage most frequently within 70 km of nest, occasionally as far away as 180 km; nonbreeders forage more widely (Meretsky and Snyder 1992).
Non-migrant
true
Locally Migrant
false
Food Comments
Carrion; feeds primarily on a variety of small, medium and large mammal carcasses, including those of weasels, kangaroo rats, sheep, cattle, deer, ground squirrels, horses, coyotes, rabbits, etc. (Collins et al. 2000; Terres 1980). Apparently very few birds and reptiles are scavenged (Collins et al. 2000). May eat 1-1.3 kg of meat/day (Terres 1980). Prefers fresh meat. Feeds on ground. Requires fairly open terrain for feeding (to facilitate take-offs and landings). Regularly locates food by presence of eagles and ravens (Matthews and Moseley 1990).
Reproduction Comments
Egg laying occurs mainly in February-March (sometimes through early May). Lays clutch of 1 egg every other year, sometimes in consecutive years. Incubation lasts 8 weeks, by both sexes. Young fly at about 5-6 months, may be partially dependent on parents for up to a year. Sexually mature in 5-7 years, may live 45 years.
Ecology Comments
Variably social.
Length
119
Weight
10104
Conservation Status
NatureServe Global Status Rank
G1
Global Status Last Reviewed
2008-10-21
Global Status Last Changed
2000-11-01
Distribution
Conservation Status Map
<img src="http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/GetMapGif?US.AZ=SX&US.CA=S1&US.OR=SX&US.WA=SX" alt="Conservation Status Map" style="width: 475px; height: auto;" />
Global Range
F - 20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles) - F - Several thousand years ago, California condors occurred over much of western North America, from British Columbia to northern Baja California, and they ranged eastward along the coast to Florida. Nesting occurred in western Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico until about 2,000 years ago, and condors inhabited the Pacific Northwest until the 1800s and northern Baja California until the early 1930s (Matthews and Moseley 1990). More recently, the species was restricted to southern California prior to extirpation from wild in 1987, when the last remaining wild condors were removed from the wild for captive breeding. Reintroductions in California, northern Arizona, and the Sierra San Pedro Martir in northern Baja California have led to very limited renewed nesting in each area. Some of the birds released in northern Arizona range into southern Utah and rarely as far north as southern Wyoming and Colorado.<br><br>Range extent (extent of occurrence) is roughly based on the regularly used nesting and foraging areas as of 2008.
Global Range Code
F
Global Range Description
20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles)

