Species: Lynx canadensis
Canadian Lynx
Species
Show on Lists
Encyclopedia of Puget Sound
Classification
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Craniata
Class
Mammalia
Order
Carnivora
Family
Felidae
Genus
Lynx
NatureServe
Classification
Other Global Common Names
Canada Lynx - lynx du Canada
Informal Taxonomy
Animals, Vertebrates - Mammals - Carnivores
Formal Taxonomy
Animalia - Craniata - Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae - Lynx - (Portugal, Spain) as separate species.
Ecology and Life History
Short General Description
A medium-sized cat.
Migration
true - false - false
Non-migrant
true
Locally Migrant
false
Food Comments
Eats primarily small mammals and birds, particularly LEPUS AMERICANUS. Occasionally feeds on squirrels, small mammals, beaver, deer, moose, muskrat, and birds; some taken as carrion. May cache food for later use.
Reproduction Comments
Breeds in late winter-early spring in North America. Gestation lasts 62-74 days. Litter size averages 3-4; adult females produce one litter every 1-2 years. Young stay with mother until next mating season or longer. Some females give birth as yearlings, but their pregnancy rate is lower than that of older females (Brainerd 1985). Prey scarcity suppresses breeding and may result in mortality of nearly all young (Brand and Keith 1979).
Ecology Comments
Home range increases, and individuals may become nomadic, when prey is scarce (Ward and Krebs 1985, Saunders 1963, Mech 1980). Range of male (average often about 15-30 sq km, but up to hundreds of sq km in Alaska and Minnesota) is larger than that of female. Spatial organization observed prior to low hare densities in Northwest Territories may be described as a land-tenure system, based on prior residency, and may have served to regulate density during peak prey levels (Poole 1995). Long distance dispersal movements of up to several hundred kilometers have been recorded. <br><br>Population density usually is less than 10 (locally up to 20) per 100 sq km, depending on prey availability. Mean densities range between 2 and 9 per 100 sq km (McCord and Cardoza 1982). <br><br>Usually solitary.
Length
107
Weight
18100
Conservation Status
NatureServe Global Status Rank
G5
Global Status Last Reviewed
2000-02-21
Global Status Last Changed
1996-11-19
Distribution
Conservation Status Map
<img src="http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/GetMapGif?CA.AB=S4&CA.BC=S4&CA.LB=S4&CA.MB=S5&CA.NB=S1&CA.NF=S3&CA.NT=S5&CA.NS=S1&CA.NU=SNR&CA.ON=S5&CA.PE=SX&CA.QC=S5&CA.SK=S5&CA.YT=S5&US.AK=S4&US.CO=S1&US.ID=S1&US.IN=SX&US.ME=S2&US.MA=SX&US.MI=S1&US.MN=SNR&US.MT=S3&US.NV=SX&US.NH=S1&US.NY=SX&US.ND=SU&US.OH=SX&US.OR=S1&US.PA=SX&US.UT=S1&US.VT=S1&US.WA=S1&US.WY=S1" alt="Conservation Status Map" style="width: 475px; height: auto;" />
Global Range
H - >2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles) - H - Throughout Alaska and Canada (except arctic islands) south through the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Lakes region, and northern New England. Also northern Eurasia if regarded as conspecific with LYNX LYNX (=FELIS LYNX). See U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (1998) for information on distribution and relative abundance in the contiguous U.S. Considered historically resident in 16 states represented by five ecologically distinct regions: Cascade Range (Washington, Oregon), northern Rocky Mountains (northeastern Washington, southeastern Oregon, Idaho, Montana, western Wyoming, northern Utah), southern Rocky Mountains (southeastern Wyoming, Colorado), northern Great Lakes (Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan ), and northern New England (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts). Resident populations currently exist only in Maine, Montana, Washington, and possibly Minnesota; considered extant but no longer sustaining self-support populations in Wisconsin, Michigan, Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado; may be extirpated from New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998). See Stardom (1988 COSEWIC report) for information on distribution and relative abundance in Canada, where still widespread and relatively abundant in most of historic range. See USFWS (2000) for a state-by-state review of historical and current distribution.
Global Range Code
H
Global Range Description
>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)

