Species: Oncorhynchus tshawytscha pop. 8

F - 20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles) - F - This ESU includes all naturally spawned populations of spring/summer Chinook salmon in the mainstem Snake River and the Tucannon River, Grande Ronde River, Imnaha River, and Salmon River subbasins (NMFS 2011). Fifteen artificial propagation programs are also considered to be part of the ESU: the Tucannon River conventional Hatchery, Tucannon River Captive Broodstock Program, Lostine River, Catherine Creek, Lookingglass Hatchery Reintroduction Program (Catherine Creek stock), Upper Grande Ronde, Imnaha River, Big Sheep Creek, McCall Hatchery, Johnson Creek Artificial Propagation Enhancement, Lemhi River Captive Rearing Experiment, Pahsimeroi Hatchery, East Fork Captive Rearing Experiment, West Fork Yankee Fork Captive Rearing Experiment, and the Sawtooth Hatchery spring/summer-run Chinook hatchery programs (NMFS 2011). <br><br>Jones et al. (2011) identified several hatchery programs that have been revised or may warrant further review. Three hatchery programs in the Salmon River basin (the Lemhi River, East Fork Salmon River, and West Fork Yankee Fork River captive rearing experiments) were terminated in 2009 and should be removed from the ESU. Two new programs (Yankee Fork and Dollar Creek) in the upper Salmon River should be considered for inclusion in the ESU because they were initiated with currently listed stocks and the propagated fish are being released within-ESU boundaries (NMFS 2011).<br><br>Additionally, Jones et al. (2011) recommended further review of two existing programs. The Imnaha River hatchery program warrants further review because of shifts in age structure and run timing, combined with decreasing natural origin contribution in both broodstock and natural spawners. The Big Sheep Creek hatchery program also warrants further review because it is composed of the Imnaha stock and program goals remain undefined and the program has unknown impacts on the natural population in this watershed.<br><br>Coded range extent is based on spawning range.