Species: Reithrodontomys megalotis
Western Harvest Mouse
Species
Encyclopedia of Puget Sound
Classification
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Craniata
Class
Mammalia
Order
Rodentia
Family
Cricetidae
Genus
Reithrodontomys
NatureServe
Classification
Other Global Common Names
souris des moissons
Informal Taxonomy
Animals, Vertebrates - Mammals - Rodents
Formal Taxonomy
Animalia - Craniata - Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae - Reithrodontomys - suggests that other species may be lumped in this taxon (Musser and Carleton, in Wilson and Reeder 1993, 2005).
Ecology and Life History
Migration
true - false - false
Non-migrant
true
Locally Migrant
false
Food Comments
Prefers seeds of weeds and grasses, but also eats some herbaceous material. May climb into tumbleweeds, apparently searching for seeds (Hoffmeister 1986).
Reproduction Comments
Breeds year-round but mostly early spring to late autumn. In southeastern Arizona, breeding occurred year-round, with a peak in August when food resources likely were high (Skupski 1995). Gestation lasts 23-24 days. Litter size is 1-6 (mean 4). Young are weaned in slightly less than 3 weeks. Sexually mature in 2-4 months. May produce multiple litters annually.
Ecology Comments
May forms mixed-sex social units dominated by a male. <br><br>Home range usually is about 0.5-1.5 acres. <br><br>Density commonly may be about 5-10 per acre, up to 60/acre in optimum habitat (Gray 1943, Whitford 1976). In Canada, Nagorsen (1994 COSEWIC report) reported 1-7/ha. In Arizona, density was highly variable over 12 years, ranging from local extirpation to about 13 per ha; density averaged about 5-6 per ha in winter, about 1 per ha in late summer-early fall (Skupski 1995). In Wisconsin, autumn densities varied from about 0.75/ha in sandy fields to 45/ha in an abandoned field with a dense cover of low vegetation (Jackson 1961, Svendsen 1970). (Skupski 1995). Populations may decline during peaks in vole abundance. In Kansas, populations declined following grassland fire (Kaufman et al. 1988); moved to unburned area (Clark and Kaufman 1990). <br><br>Long-distance movements (up to 3200 m) were recorded in Kansas; vast majority moved less than 300 m (Clark et al. 1988). Movements of up to at least several hundred meters occurred in Arizona, but distance moved from one month to the next usually was less than 90 m (Skupski 1995).
Length
17
Weight
22
Conservation Status
NatureServe Global Status Rank
G5
Global Status Last Reviewed
2003-10-14
Global Status Last Changed
1996-11-08
Distribution
Conservation Status Map
<img src="http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/GetMapGif?CA.AB=S1&CA.BC=S2&US.AZ=S5&US.AR=S3&US.CA=SNR&US.CO=S5&US.ID=S5&US.IL=S4&US.IN=S2&US.IA=S4&US.KS=S5&US.MN=SNR&US.MO=SNR&US.MT=S4&US.NN=S5&US.NE=S5&US.NV=S4&US.NM=S5&US.ND=SNR&US.OK=S2&US.OR=S4&US.SD=S5&US.TX=S5&US.UT=S5&US.WA=S4&US.WI=SU&US.WY=S5" alt="Conservation Status Map" style="width: 475px; height: auto;" />
Global Range
Southern British Columbia (Okanagan Valley), southeastern Alberta Similkameen Valley), North Dakota, and southern and western Wisconsin south to northern and central Baja California (Alvarez-Casteneda and Rios 2003), Oaxaca, Veracruz, western Texas, western Oklahoma, Kansas, and northeastern Arkansas; east to Indiana (recently invaded); from below sea level in Death Valley to above 3960 m in southern Mexico (Webster and Jones 1982). See Nagorsen (1994 COSEWIC report) for details on distribution in Canada. See Mercado-Morales (1990) for recent records from Mexico.

