Social science

The Tulalip reservation is located near Marysville, Washington. It was created after the Point Elliott Treaty of 1855, and currently has a population of 2,500 members. The entire tribal population is approximately 4,000 and growing. 

Tulalip Tribes Area of Concern:

The Snohomish River basin, part of the region where the Tulalip tribes focus restoration efforts, suffers from extensive shoreline armoring and a history of draining and clearing wetland habitat. In order to protect salmon stocks, the tribes closed many of their usual and accustomed fishing areas to Chinook harvest, and have worked to reduce potentially harmful impact of hatchery fish

The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community is descended from Coast Salish people that lived in and around the Skagit and Samish Rivers. Their reservation, about 15 square miles, is located on Fidalgo Island, between Skagit Bay, Padilla Bay, and the Swinomish channel.

Swinomish Area of Concern:

The tribe is focused in the Skagit Watershed (WRIAs 3 and 4), where restoration of tidal and nearshore habitat is a priority. One issue in the watershed is forestland buffers. Washington Forest Practice rules require riparian buffers of around 140 feet, but landowners with less than 80 acres are exempt. Many of the streams in

The Suquamish Tribe, whose ancestors have lived in the region for approximately 10,000 years, has 950 enrolled members. About half of them live on the Port Madison reservation, established in 1855 by the treaty of Point Elliott.

Suquamish Tribe Area of Concern:

The tribe works mainly on the Kitsap Peninsula. Kitsap County is the third most densely populated county in Washington, and has no land zoned for agriculture. The hydrology is fairly unique, with groundwater recharge dependent solely on precipitation. Road construction and loss of forest habitat impact streams, and every Watershed Assessment Unit (WAU) within Kitsap County is either

The Stillaguamish Tribe is descended from the Stoluck-wa-mish River Tribe, who signed the treaty of Point Elliott in January 1855. Some tribal members moved to the Tulalip reservation, while others remained along the Stillaguamish River. The headquarters for the tribe are in Arlington, Washington.

Stillaguamish Area of Concern:

The Stillaguamish watershed is largely undeveloped, but population growth has put pressure on resources and salmon habitat. Continued loss and fragmentation of habitat is a primary concern, and protecting existing habitat is necessary for the survival of Chinook in the Stillaguamish. Salt marsh habitat, which provides feeding ground for outgoing juvenile Chinook

The Squaxin Island tribe is made up of several tribes from Squaxin Island and the surrounding inlets. Although no members of the tribe currently live on Squaxin Island year-round, it unites past and future generations and is still an important destination. The tribal headquarters are located in Kamilche.

Squaxin Island Area of Concern:

Nearly half of the nearshore habitat in south and central Puget Sound lies in WRIAs 12, 13, 14, and 15, where the Squaxin Island tribe concentrates restoration efforts. The South Sound also has some of the highest population growth in Washington State, which makes reclaiming habitat a

The Skokomish Tribe began as the Twana Indians, made up of nine communities living in and around the Hood Canal drainage basin.

Skokomish Area of Concern:

The tribe focuses restoration efforts in the Skokomish-Dosewallips basin (WRIA 16). Land use in this basin is concentrated along Hood Canal, since much of the remaining land falls under federal jurisdiction. Expanding development is a concern, especially as water demand increases. Aggressive timber harvesting in the last 15 years has left the watershed in need of serious restoration work. Both the Skokomish River and Hood Canal have elevated fecal coliform levels, which are partly