(from Allan Hancock Pacific expeditions vol. 2 1935-1940)
Family Tubulanidae
Key to Genera
1. Lateral nerve cords at base of body epithelium or external to circular musculature throughout body; cerebral sense organs present....Tubulanus
1. Lateral nerve cords external to circular musculature anteriorly and imbedded in longitudinal musculature in nephridial region and posteriorly; cerebral sense organs absent....Carinomella
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Genus TUBULANUS Renier
Seven species belonging to this genus have been found on the North Pacific coast.
Key to Species
1. Body of somewhat homogeneous color, without definite markings....2
1. With distinct longitudinal or transverse markings, or both....3
2. Body very soft, attaining a length of nearly 2 m when fully extended ; deep red, orange, or bright vermilion....polymorphus
2. Body minute, very slender; whitish and somewhat translucent....pellucidus
3. Yellow, rosy, or greenish, with black longitudinal and transverse markings. Body large, rather firm, only moderately slender, attaining a length of 50 cm or more; pale yellowish or rosy, sometimes with greenish tinge, with 3 longitudinal velvety black lines and a series of narrow rings of similar color....frenatus
3. Red or brown, with white markings....4
4. Deep red, with a series of narrow white rings but without longitudinal lines. Body firm, rather stout, upward of 30 cm long; deep red, with a series of narrow white rings placed at frequent intervals throughout body ....albocinctus
4. Brown, with longitudinal and transverse white markings....5
5. With 3 longitudinal white lines. Slender, up to a meter in length; brown, with numerous narrow transverse rings and 3 parallel longitudinal white lines, of which one is in the dorsomedian line and one just below each lateral margin....capistratus
5. With 4, 5, or 6 longitudinal white lines....6
6. Body slender, subcylindrical, often 15 cm or more in length; deep brown, with a series of white rings and 4 longitudinal white lines, of which 2 are lateral, while the other 2 divide dorsal surface of body into 3 equal parts....cingulatus
6. Body slender, subcylindrical, often half a meter or more in length when fully extended ; brown or chocolate, with numerous narrow white rings and 5 or 6 parallel longitudinal white lines, of which one is in the median dorsal line, 2 on each lateral surface, and the sixth, when present, is usually merely indicated in the ventromedian line....sexlineatus